Dyal Singh Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences
type: channel
description: The Dyal Singh Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (DSJHSS) is an online, open-access, peer-reviewed, and refereed journal in English and Urdu, published by Government Dyal Singh Graduate College, Lahore, Pakistan. This is a multidisciplinary international journal that is published biannually in the months of June and December.
publisher: Govt. Dyal Singh Graduate College Lahore
language: en
publication name: Dyal Singh Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences
issn: 3006-6522
items: Was there a ‘unique selling point’ in the Economic Agenda of PTI
items: Exploring the influence of Parental Romantic vulnerability
items: Effects of Mobile Phone Use on Face-to-Face Interactions and Relationship Quality Among Punjab University Students in Lahore
items: The influence of Family Vlogging on Personality and Behavioral Pattern of Punjab University Students
items: Unpacking the motivation behind pursing competitive exam (CSS)
items: Knowledge Management Techniques between University Students and Working Students
items: Psychological Effects of Memes on Sufferers
items: Feminist Perspective: Women's Treatment and Role in Blindly Followed Tradition in Jackson's The Lottery
items: A Foreign Policy Analysis of the Sino-US Rivalry in the 21st ‎Century ‎
items: A Comparative Analysis of Punjabi Novels: Deva tay Dariya and Doaba
items: Exploring Bilingualism Among Pakistani Teenagers: Assessing the Pros and Cons
items: Unlocking the Economic Potential of India: The role of Human Capital
items: Exploring Linguistic and Cultural Ideologies
items: Maulana Maulvi Nazar Muhammad and Jang Nama Rustam
items: Military Establishment and Civil-Military Nexus in ‎Historical Perspective of Pakistan (1947-2015)‎
items: Psychological Reconstruction of Afghan Child Soldiers: Trauma, and Rehabilitation
items: A Critical Review of Tabasum Batalvi’s Poetry
items: Women in Taufiq Rafat’s Poetry: A Postcolonial Feminist Study of Wedding in the Flood and Kitchens
items: New Phrase Patterns and Creative Proverbs in New Punjabi Poetry
items: An Analytical Study of methodology of epitomization from Qiraat-e- Quraaniah by Sayyed Ameer Ali in Tafseer Muwahib –Ul-Rahman
items: Historical Overview of Christian Migration to Lahore During British Period
items: Security Dynamics in South Asia: Impact of the Iran-Saudi Rapprochement on Pakistan's Foreign Policy
items: Behind the Veil: Unveiling the Mysteries of Net Trade Credit Determinants in the Cement ‎Sector
items: Younis Mateen: A Prime Voice of Modern Urdu Poem
items: Extra Perspective of Wazir Agha's Poems

Was there a ‘unique selling point’ in the Economic Agenda of PTI
type: item
description: This study examines Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf’s (PTI) claim of presenting a distinct economic agenda in the 2018 elections under the slogan Naya Pakistan. A comparative content analysis of the manifestos of PTI, PML-N and PPPP is conducted across nine themes: economic growth, employment, trade, taxation, energy, debt, industrial sector, agriculture, and state-owned enterprises. Using qualitative and quantitative techniques, the study evaluates the salience and specificity of policy pledges. Findings show that PTI dedicated the largest proportion of its manifesto (22.9%) to economic issues; however, substantial thematic overlap exists across all parties. Instead of proposing ideologically divergent policies, parties mainly varied in the degree of emphasis placed on particular issues. The analysis concludes that PTI’s agenda was comprehensive but not uniquely different from its rivals.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: PTI,
  topic: keywords
subject: Election Manifesto,
  topic: keywords
subject: Pakistani election,
  topic: keywords
subject: Political parties,
  topic: keywords
subject: USP,
  topic: keywords
subject: Econimics,
  topic: disciplines
creator: Saarma Saeed
creator: Muhammad Salah ud Din Ayyubi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Saarma Saeed, Muhammad Salahuddin Ayyubi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-10
publication date: 2025-06-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 21

Exploring the influence of Parental Romantic vulnerability
type: item
description: This research investigates how parental expressions of romantic vulnerability—such as hugging, kissing, and verbal affection—affect children aged 8–13 within Pakistani households. Using interviews with both parents and children, the study explores children’s cognitive, emotional, and social responses to witnessing such interactions. Findings reveal a spectrum of reactions: while many children associate affectionate behavior with emotional safety, others experience discomfort, particularly when behaviors are perceived as overly intimate. Cultural expectations and family communication patterns strongly influence these responses. The study highlights a gap between parents’ intentions to model love and children’s developmental readiness to interpret such behaviors. By addressing this gap, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of how parental romantic behaviors shape children’s emotional development and their conceptualization of relationships
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Parental love
  topic: keywords
subject: child growth
  topic: keywords
subject: family life
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural rules
  topic: keywords
subject: emotional understanding
  topic: keywords
subject: parent-child interaction
  topic: keywords
subject: social knowledge
  topic: keywords
subject: Media studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Sumaika Javaid
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sumaika Javaid (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-10
publication date: 2025-06-10
starting page: 22
ending page: 36

Effects of Mobile Phone Use on Face-to-Face Interactions and Relationship Quality Among Punjab University Students in Lahore
type: item
description: This study investigates the effects of excessive mobile phone use on face-to-face interactions and relationship quality among university students. While mobile phones provide continuous digital connectivity, their overuse can reduce attention during in-person conversations and weaken interpersonal bonds. Using survey data, the research identifies patterns of phubbing, digital distraction, and emotional disengagement that contribute to communication strain and decreased relational satisfaction. The findings indicate that excessive phone use creates barriers to meaningful interaction, diminishes emotional presence, and negatively influences both familial and peer relationships. The study underscores the need for balanced digital practices and recommends awareness-building strategies that promote healthier in-person communication habits.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mobile phones
  topic: keywords
subject: social interactions
  topic: keywords
subject: face-to-face communication
  topic: keywords
subject: relationship quality
  topic: keywords
subject: phubbing
  topic: keywords
subject: Media studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Hafsa Qamar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Hafsa Qamar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-10
publication date: 2025-06-10
starting page: 56
ending page: 71

The influence of Family Vlogging on Personality and Behavioral Pattern of Punjab University Students
type: item
description: This study examines how Punjab University students perceive and are influenced by family vlogging, a popular digital practice showcasing everyday domestic life. Drawing on Social Learning Theory, Uses and Gratifications Theory, and Cultivation Theory, the study uses qualitative interviews with 20 purposively selected students. Findings show that repeated exposure affects personality traits, behavioral routines, lifestyle aspirations, and motivations to pursue vlogging as a career. The study highlights implications for students’ academic focus, psychological well-being, and social behavior, calling for more nuanced investigation into the long-term effects of digital family content.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Family Vlogging
  topic: keywords
subject: Influence
  topic: keywords
subject: Fame
  topic: keywords
subject: Exposure
  topic: keywords
subject: Shaping
  topic: keywords
subject: Content
  topic: keywords
subject: Media Studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Solat Zafar Awan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Solat Zafar Awan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-10
publication date: 2025-06-10
starting page: 37
ending page: 46

Unpacking the motivation behind pursing competitive exam (CSS)
type: item
description: Competitive examinations have become a defining feature of academic and professional pathways for many individuals in Pakistan. This study investigates the motivations driving young adults in Lahore to pursue the Central Superior Services (CSS) examination, despite already possessing professional degrees. Using a quantitative design, data were collected from 40 respondents through a structured questionnaire. The analysis explores the interaction between intrinsic motivation, extrinsic rewards, and societal pressure, framed within Social Learning Theory and Social Cognitive Theory. Results indicate that intrinsic motivation is the strongest predictor of exam preparation (36.1%), followed by extrinsic rewards (27.8%) and societal pressure (25%). These findings suggest that although external influences shape decision-making, intrinsic motivation remains the dominant factor behind aspirants’ sustained commitment to CSS preparation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Competitive exams
  topic: keywords
subject: intrinsic motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: extrinsic rewards
  topic: keywords
subject: societal pressure
  topic: keywords
subject: motivations
  topic: keywords
subject: Media Studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Mahnoor
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Mahnoor (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 32
ending page: 43

Knowledge Management Techniques between University Students and Working Students
type: item
description: Knowledge management techniques refer to the strategies, tools, and methods used by individual or organisations to collect, organise, and share knowledge effectively. University students and working students adopt different approaches to manage knowledge due to their differing academic and professional demands. The research aims to identify the dual challenges faced by both group as they balance workplace responsibilities with academic application. A quantitative researcher design was applied using a 14-item questionnaire. The findings indicate that working students benefit from greater practical exposure, while university students focus on balancing academics, social life and personal development. The study recommends that educational institutions introduce internships, technical trainings, and skills-based programs to strengthen knowledge management practices among both groups.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Knowledge management
  topic: keywords
subject: Techniques
  topic: keywords
subject: University Students
  topic: keywords
subject: Working students
  topic: keywords
subject: Media Studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Khadija Waheed
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Khadija Waheed (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26

Psychological Effects of Memes on Sufferers
type: item
description: The research titled Psychological Effects of Memes on Sufferers examines the memes from a psychological point of view. In this research, survey data from 20 participants with different educational levels were used to investigate the psychological impact of memes on individuals aged between 18 and 30. The findings raise serious question about meme culture's negative influence on mental wellbeing. Specifically, the majority of respondents indicated that memes that attack specific individuals can make individuals feel more stressed, and some indicated that memes cause victims to think negatively. Additionally, respondents also stated that being targeted by memes can lead to feelings of inferiority, and some concurred that memes that ridicule mental illnesses can exacerbate emotional distress. Half of the participants reported primarily using Instagram, suggesting that platform-specific variables may affect exposure to memes. These results emphasize how memes can be detrimental to psychological well-being through emotional detachment and a negative self-image. For a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between meme consumption and mental health consequences, larger samples must be used for future research.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: youth behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: negative thinking
  topic: keywords
subject: digital humor
  topic: keywords
subject: social media
  topic: keywords
subject: mental health
  topic: keywords
subject: psychological impact
  topic: keywords
subject: memes
  topic: keywords
subject: online culture
  topic: keywords
subject: Media Studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Baseerat Talib
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Baseerat Talib (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 9
ending page: 17

Feminist Perspective: Women's Treatment and Role in Blindly Followed Tradition in Jackson's The Lottery
type: item
description: Blindly following traditions in a male-dominated society has unwanted consequences, especially, for women. A significant number of studies can be found regarding the subjugation and marginalization of women but very little focus has been given to the blindly followed traditions set by men in a male-dominated society. Hence this research tends to explore the role of women in a deeply traditional and custom rooted society, and women’s treatment as "Other beings" regarding the feminist perspective and the concept given in "The Second Sex” (De Beauvoir, 2016), Simone de Beauvoir particularly discusses women's roles in traditional societies and their link to male authority. Furthermore, this research is qualitative in nature and textual analysis has been employed (McKee, 2001). However, the data have been collected from the short story The Lottery by Jackson. The findings suggest that women are treated as "Other beings" and their role is subdued in the blindly followed traditions of patriarchal society.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: English Language and Literature
  topic: category
subject: The Second Sex
  topic: keywords
subject: The Lottery
  topic: keywords
subject: Other Beings
  topic: keywords
subject: Simon De Beauvoir
  topic: keywords
subject: Feminism
  topic: keywords
subject: English Literature
  topic: disciplines
creator: Rizwan Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Rizwan Ahmad (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 35
ending page: 31

A Foreign Policy Analysis of the Sino-US Rivalry in the 21st ‎Century ‎
type: item
description: At present, China-US rivalry is a dominant debate in academia as well as in the domains of policymaking. The study of China-US Rivalry is also important as it can prove to be a threat to international peace and security, since this competition between two superpowers is turning into an intense animosity. However, this paper tends to shed lights on the nature of divergent foreign policy goals and objectives of the US, the existing global power, and China, the emerging superpower. It also provides a detailed examination of the scope and direction of this rivalry. For that purpose, this paper is divided into five major parts. First part of this paper is the introduction in which a descriptive theoretical framework is presented to understand the China-US rivalry following the realist paradigm. The second part of this paper is the historical background which presents a brief history of the rise and fall of nations in general, and the rise of the US and China in particular. The third part of this paper is a description about the major areas of the China-US competition. The fourth part of this paper is the prime section of this writing which offers a detailed foreign policy analysis of this rivalry. It unveils different strategies in the foreign policy of both superpowers that generates an animosity between them. Furthermore, this section analyses the role of individual decisionmakers, national ideology, and domestic politics in their divergent foreign policies. Moreover, this part examines the existing and future implications of this intense rivalry. The fifth and the last part of this paper is the conclusion which focuses on the findings of this entire academic assessment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: China-US Rivalry
  topic: keywords
subject: Foreign Policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Indo-Pacific‎
  topic: keywords
subject: Trade War‎
  topic: keywords
subject: Neorealism‎
  topic: keywords
subject: Stimulus Response Model‎
  topic: keywords
subject: Nuclear threat ‎
  topic: keywords
subject: Pol Science
  topic: disciplines
creator: Sadia Rafique
creator: Zafar Zaman
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25
starting page: 1
ending page: 14

A Comparative Analysis of Punjabi Novels: Deva tay Dariya and Doaba
type: item
description: Afzal Ahsan Randhawa's name is eminent in Punjabi Literature and Language. He was a great poet, astute novelist, incredible story writer, and austere translator. His writings set an example for new authors. By profession, he was a lawyer and politician but he chose Punjabi to express his thoughts and stayed an activist for its growth. Deewa Tay Darya is his first novel which tells the story of enmity between two families of Punjab. Due to its unique creativity and narrative, it is an important contribution to Punjabi novel. Do-Aaba is his second creation which depicts the brotherhood and differences among the people of the united Punjab. This paper probes into the similarities and dissimilarities between these two novels specifically focusing on characterization, setting, locale, and diction. This article aims to critically analyze the novels with their different aspects.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Punjabi Language and Literature
  topic: category
subject: Afzal Ahsan Randhawa,
  topic: keywords
subject: Deewa tay Darya,
  topic: keywords
subject: Do-Aaba
  topic: keywords
subject: United Punjab
  topic: keywords
subject: Characterization
  topic: keywords
subject: punjabi
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ijaz Ali
creator: Risham Jameel
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Ijaz, Dr. Risham Jameel (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25
starting page: 49
ending page: 61

Exploring Bilingualism Among Pakistani Teenagers: Assessing the Pros and Cons
type: item
description: Bilingualism is increasingly prevalent in the contemporary world, particularly in ethnically diverse countries such as Pakistan, where multilingual social environments result in a high proportion of bilingual individuals. Bilingualism reflects multiple ethnic identities and carries both positive and negative implications. Although previous studies have addressed bilingualism, many have not clearly distinguished between its benefits and drawbacks. This study critically analyzes the potential advantages and challenges of bilingualism among Pakistani teenagers. Drawing upon William Labov’s sociolinguistic theory, it employs a qualitative approach and conducts thematic analysis of interview data collected from ten teenage participants across Pakistan. Findings indicate that bilingualism enhances communication abilities, intercultural understanding, cognitive performance, and academic as well as professional prospects. However, challenges such as code-switching difficulties, linguistic confusion, and societal biases privileging certain languages also emerged.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: English Language and Literature
  topic: category
subject: Bilingualism, Challenges, Code-switching, Pakistan, Teenagers
  topic: keywords
subject: English Linguistics
  topic: disciplines
creator: SUBAINA MALIK
creator: Mah Noor Mah Noor
creator: Sania Sadiq
creator: Hijab Imtiaz
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Subaina Malik (gold medalist), Mah Noor, Sania Sadiq, Hijab Imtiaz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 18
ending page: 24

Unlocking the Economic Potential of India: The role of Human Capital
type: item
description: Human capital is driving the economic growth, as it enhances the labor’s productivity. This leads to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of the country. Hence, investment on education creates more capable human capital, which is crucial for sustainable economic growth. Hence, this study tries to explore the pivot role of human capital by addresses the crucial question that does human capital positively influence economic growth? Hence, this study is used secondary dataset from 1980 to 2023. The study analyze the objective by using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and Granger causality test following the augmented Dicky-Fuller (ADF) and Bounds tests. The finding reveals that the key indicators of human capital including domestic health expenditure, school enrollment and life expectancy has significant impact on economic growth of Indian’s economy on both in the short, as well as, in long-run. Furthermore, significantly one-sided Granger causalities are found from life expectancy to health expenditure, health expenditure to economic growth, economic growth to life expectancy, school enrollment to economic growth, health expenditure to gross capital formation, gross capital formation to life expectancy, and finally school enrollment to gross capital formation. No two-tailed causality is found. Lastly, based on the findings, the study suggested that policymakers should understand the importance of health expenditure by allocating budget, access to education by improving infrastructure, and enhancing life expectancy by proving health care facilities. These measures are essential to stimulate long-term economic growth.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Economics
  topic: category
subject: Human Capital
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Life Expectancy
  topic: keywords
subject: Capital Formation
  topic: keywords
subject: India
  topic: keywords
subject: Economics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Usman Saleem Yousaf Qazi
creator: Arifa Saeed Arifa Saeed
creator: Farhan Ali Farhan Ali
creator: Waqar Ali Ather Bukhari
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Usman saleem yousaf Qazi, Arifa Saeed, Farhan Ali (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25
starting page: 15
ending page: 25

Exploring Linguistic and Cultural Ideologies
type: item
description: Pakistan is a linguistically and culturally diverse nation in which Urdu functions as a central unifying language among numerous ethnic groups. However, the degree to which Urdu is accepted as an official and national language varies across communities, largely due to the linguistic and cultural ideologies held by Pashtuns, Punjabis, and Kashmiris residing in Islamabad. This qualitative study explores how such ideologies shape attitudes toward Urdu’s official status. Using language ideology as the guiding theoretical framework, data were collected from thirty participants—ten from each community—through purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews. The findings reaffirm Urdu’s significant role as a symbol of national cohesion, yet also reveal concerns regarding the marginalisation of regional languages within media, education, and public discourse. The results underscore the need for more inclusive and culturally sensitive language policies that safeguard Pakistan’s multilingual heritage and promote equitable linguistic representation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: English Language and Literature
  topic: category
subject: Linguistics ideologies
  topic: keywords
subject: Culture ideologies
  topic: keywords
subject: Multilingualism
  topic: keywords
subject: National language
  topic: keywords
subject: Official language
  topic: keywords
subject: ethnic groups
  topic: keywords
subject: linguistics
  topic: disciplines
creator: Rizwan Ahmad
creator: Roshan Jadoon
creator: Zeeshan Ahmad
creator: Wafia Khan
creator: Ameer Ul Mulk
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rizwan Ahmad, Roshan Jadoon, Zeeshan Ahmad, Wasifa Khan, Ameer Ul Mulk (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-06-10
publication date: 2025-06-10
starting page: 47
ending page: 55

Maulana Maulvi Nazar Muhammad and Jang Nama Rustam
type: item
description: Punjabi language is one of the world's major languages, and the Punjabi nation is a great nation. In this language, extensive work has been done not only in creation, criticism, and research but also in translations. There is a long series of translations of Surah Yusuf, and "Safar-ul-Ishq" is also considered a creative translation. "Jangnama Rustam" is also a standard translation, with its translator Maulana Maulvi Nazir Muhammad being an expert in various fields. Maulvi Sahib has translated the creation of the great Persian poet Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. This Shahnameh was first translated into Urdu, and based on that Urdu translation from the Mughal era, Maulana Maulvi Nazir Muhammad translated it into Punjabi verse. He was also proficient in Persian and Arabic. This translation consists of two parts, both of which were published successively. Both parts comprise 402 pages. The research article provides information about Maulvi Nazir Muhammad's life and acquaints with his writings. Particularly, various aspects of "Jangnama Rustam" have been analyzed. In this article, facts about the translator's life are presented with references to his writings. The current status of his village, family, and mentioned lineage is also highlighted. Documentary research methodology has been utilized. Fazil Mahk has personally visited their village, Warriam, Sialkot, thrice and gained knowledge about the author's grave and offspring.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Jangnama Rustam
  topic: keywords
subject: Maulvi Nazar Muhammad
  topic: keywords
subject: Translation
  topic: keywords
subject: Documentary Research
  topic: keywords
creator: Akbar Ali Ghazi
creator: Wasifa Muqadass
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Dr. Akbar Ali Ghazi, Wasifa Muqadass (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-15
publication date: 2023-12-15
starting page: 44
ending page: 50

Military Establishment and Civil-Military Nexus in ‎Historical Perspective of Pakistan (1947-2015)‎
type: item
description: The state of Pakistan has faced long military rules. The military establishment in the state is more influential as compared to civilian political institutions due to past legacy and structural settings. The civil-military tussle has remained at the top of Pakistan’s political arena. The paper highlighted the major causes of military intervention in the state including weak civil institutions, leadership crisis, Weak judiciary, meagre economy, inefficient political parties and lack of consensus-building culture. By working on these mentioned reasons, a viable civil political supremacy may be maintained. The paper has analysed the civil-military relations since independence till 2015. It concludes that there must be a good working relationship between these institutions to eliminate the institutional imbalance in the state.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Security‎
  topic: keywords
subject: Military
  topic: keywords
subject: Political System
  topic: keywords
subject: Consensus
  topic: keywords
subject: Institution
  topic: keywords
creator: Riffat Mahmood
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Dr Riffat (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-15
publication date: 2023-12-15
starting page: 32
ending page: 43

Psychological Reconstruction of Afghan Child Soldiers: Trauma, and Rehabilitation
type: item
description: The enduring victimization of Afghan children due to political trauma has persisted since the Cold War Era Soviet Invasion. The mind of the Afghan children has become immune to the graphic instances of the war that they need to go through a process of psychological reconstruction (a transition in the child’s cognition). Moreover, the psychological subjugation of these children illustrated such events where children themselves become the weapons i.e. becoming child soldiers. Unfortunately, there has been a rise in the recruitment of the child soldiers ever since the Taliban took over in 2021. However, this research establishes its theoretical foundation through the application of Eric Erikson’s Stages of Psychological Development in a child, by investigating the facets of political trauma faced by these Afghan child soldiers. Along with that their resilience to political trauma, and to look into the efforts regarding rehabilitation to understand the psychological reconstruction of these children is also the foundation of this research. Methodologically, this research incorporates qualitative method, notably content analysis, characterized by a descriptive and analytical orientation. The study adopted an interdisciplinary perspective, delving in the nuanced political contours that characterizes the experiences of child soldiers in Afghanistan.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Afghan Child Soldiers
  topic: keywords
subject: Political Trauma
  topic: keywords
subject: Resilience
  topic: keywords
subject: Rehabilitation and Stages of Psychological Development
  topic: keywords
creator: Najam Sehar
creator: Sadia Rafique
creator: Azhar Javed Siddiqui
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Najam Sehar, Dr. Sadia Rafique, Dr. Azhar Javed Siddiqui (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-15
publication date: 2023-12-15
starting page: 8
ending page: 19

A Critical Review of Tabasum Batalvi’s Poetry
type: item
description: Tabsum Batalvi is a prominent figure of Urdu poetry from Toba-Tek Singh.in his poetry he has specially portrayed the social issues of Pakistan in the following of Akbar Ala Abadi. Literature is the reflection of any society. It represents the civilization, culture, rituals along with the political and historical circumstances. It brings to light the economic life of the individual living in that society. Tabsum wrote unique poems on different social issues like Dengue, Corona, Polio and Smoking etc. A point worth mentioning about Tabsum Batalvi's poetry is that his poetic creations are a pathway towards his era, through which the reader can easily understand his age. The article in hands is a thorough critical study of his poetry and study of poetic effect and observations of his personality on his poetry.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social Issues,
  topic: keywords
subject: Civilization
  topic: keywords
subject: culture,
  topic: keywords
subject: observations,
  topic: keywords
subject: political,
  topic: keywords
subject: historical,
  topic: keywords
subject: social.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Muhammad Aman Ullah Khan Aman
creator: Muhammad Zahid
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Dr. Muhammad Aman Ullah Khan Aman, Muhammad Zahid Zahid (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25
starting page: 26
ending page: 36

Women in Taufiq Rafat’s Poetry: A Postcolonial Feminist Study of Wedding in the Flood and Kitchens
type: item
description: Post-colonialism and feminism are among the most trending critical theories that this century has inherited from its predecessor. In recent times, the acceptability of both genres has inspired a lot of writing and research. With the passage of time and the spread of education in formerly colonial societies, especially among women, feminism has begun to take roots. This combination of postcolonial and feminism has resulted in the development of Postcolonial Feminism. The demands and directions of postcolonial feminism are different from mainstream Western feminism. This paper is a study of Taufiq Rafat’s poems, Wedding in the Flood and Kitchens. Rafat’s poems are a realistic delineation of life in the milieu where he was born and brought up. In his stories in verse, we find ample representation of the women of Pakistan. The feminine characters in the poems under discussion are typical of women in a postcolonial society. Therefore, they have been selected for analysis in this paper. This analysis is based on the thoughts promoted by postcolonial feminism in which women do not seek worldwide acceptance, but demand only to be accepted as living beings. It highlighted how lack of education and awareness has affected the approach of society toward women. It also brought out how baseless feminine stereotypes was generated. The poems sought a tangible solution to the problems of women in Pakistani society.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Taufiq Rafat
  topic: keywords
subject: Wedding in the Flood
  topic: keywords
subject: Kitchen
  topic: keywords
subject: Postcolonial Feminism
  topic: keywords
creator: Kashif Raza
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Kashif Raza (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-15
publication date: 2023-12-15
starting page: 1
ending page: 7

New Phrase Patterns and Creative Proverbs in New Punjabi Poetry
type: item
description: Punjabi poetry of the present era is being composed with innovative creative aspects and unique style of poetic composition. New terminology, figures of speech and new creative proverbs are being utilized with an appealing and unique style especially in the recently composed lyrics. This creative novelty has proved a very successful technique to make Punjabi lyric an everlasting genre of literature. This article has been written keeping in view the poetic compositions written by modern and new representatives of Punjabi poetry. The foresaid characteristics features of the works composed by these modern writers of Punjabi are being highlighted in this article. If the critics use these techniques, proverbs and terminology in the Punjabi prose, it will definitely give a new life to its literature.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Punjabi Language and Literature
  topic: category
subject: Punjabi poetry,
  topic: keywords
subject: navian tarkeeban,
  topic: keywords
subject: muhawary,
  topic: keywords
subject: new terms,
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr Ihsan Ullah Tahir
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Dr Ihsan Ullah Tahir (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-06-15
publication date: 2023-06-15
starting page: 49
ending page: 60

An Analytical Study of methodology of epitomization from Qiraat-e- Quraaniah by Sayyed Ameer Ali in Tafseer Muwahib –Ul-Rahman
type: item
description: It is clear from the fact that Allah has revealed the Quran in seven letters. And there are many things hidden in it. These are important to make Quranic readiness easier for people who read, and translate translation of Quranic words, in the contemporary interpretation of the meaning of Wafa'am and Ahmah Mussel, to smooth the path of extravagance and ease for the Umrah period. There are many such sciences that stand on the basis of different types of trees. These verses are explaining the meaningful meaning of Quranic interpretation in the Qur'aan, based on the verses of the Qur'aan, a faqha is a knowledge of a profession in the verses of the Quran, that is, in fact, the interpretation of Salaf is mentioned in the verses, On the basis of them, the Koran receives discrimination and Ejaz, which is mentioned in Koran in case of Kaafir's challenge و ان کنتم فی ریب مما نزّلنا علیٰ عبدنا فاتوا بسورۃ من مثلہ وادعوا شہدآء کم من دون اللہ ان کنتم صادقین۔ فان لم تفعلوا ولن تفعلوا And if you suspect that this book which we ascend to our servant, it is not ours, so make one Surah like it, call our new ones, except for Allah Take the help you want, if you are truthful then do this work, but you did not do this and could never believe." In relation to knowledge, other scholars and scholars (interpretation, jurisprudence, problems, beliefs, knowledge, knowledge and virtue of Muslim tradition) will be cleared.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic Literature
  topic: category
subject: Quran in seven letters,‎
  topic: keywords
subject: interpretation,‎
  topic: keywords
subject: translation of Quranic words‎,
  topic: keywords
creator: Mahboob Alam Farooqi
creator: Muhammad Yousaf
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Dr. Mahboob Alam Farooqi, Muhammad Yousaf (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-06-15
publication date: 2023-06-15
starting page: 26
ending page: 40

Historical Overview of Christian Migration to Lahore During British Period
type: item
description: This research article aims to provide a comprehensive historical overview of Christian migration to Lahore during the British period, shedding light on socio-economic, political and cultural factors that influenced this migration. The study explores the establishment and growth of Christian settlements in Lahore, examining the impact of British colonial policies, missionary activities, and local dynamics on Christian community's presence in the city. Through a nuanced analysis of primary sources and historical records, the article seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics of Christian migration in Lahore during the colonial era.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Christians‎,
  topic: keywords
subject: School,
  topic: keywords
subject: Mission,
  topic: keywords
subject: British period,
  topic: keywords
subject: Migration,
  topic: keywords
creator: Saeed Ahmed Butt
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Saeed Ahmed Butt (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-06-15
publication date: 2023-06-15
starting page: 1
ending page: 13

Security Dynamics in South Asia: Impact of the Iran-Saudi Rapprochement on Pakistan's Foreign Policy
type: item
description: Pakistan's foreign policy is greatly influenced by both Iran and Saudi Arabia in various dimensions, but it is challenging for policymakers to maintain cordial relations with both countries simultaneously due to their intense rivalries and significant involvement in Middle Eastern politics. This research delves into the interplay of security dynamics in South Asia, specifically focusing on the repercussions of the recent Iran-Saudi rapprochement on Pakistan's foreign policy. The study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing argumentative analysis, to elucidate the evolving perspectives of Iran and Saudi Arabia and their influence on Pakistan's diplomatic, political, and economic decisions. Negotiating the complexities of maintaining favorable relations with both nations in the face of their entrenched regional rivalries presents a formidable challenge for Pakistani policymakers. By employing the complex interdependent theory, this study dissects the triangular relationship's nature, policies, and resulting effects on regional politics and economic dynamics. Through this study, valuable insights are offered, shedding light on the intricate implications of this triangular relationship and the varied outcomes it yields within this specific context of South Asia's security landscape.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Foreign Policy,
  topic: keywords
subject: South Asia,
  topic: keywords
subject: Regional Politics,
  topic: keywords
subject: Security Studies and Policy making,
  topic: keywords
creator: Sadia Rafique
creator: Omer Khawar
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Dr. Sadia Rafique, Omer Khawar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-06-15
publication date: 2023-06-15
starting page: 14
ending page: 25

Behind the Veil: Unveiling the Mysteries of Net Trade Credit Determinants in the Cement ‎Sector
type: item
description: This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the determinants of net trade credit within Pakistan's cement industry. Highlighting net trade credit's significance as a vital source of short-term external financing, the research explores various influencing factors, including firm size, age, operating cash flow, export propensity, market share, liquidity, financial distress, inventories, bank finance, and sales growth. Employing generalized least squares, fixed effect, and random effect model, the study identifies the fixed effect model as the most appropriate. Notably, it reveals that smaller firms, those with lower market share, and newly established entities tend to invest less in trade. Conversely, higher levels of operating cash flow, liquidity, financial stability, export propensity, sales growth, bank finance, and inventory are associated with increased investment in trade receivables. These findings underscore the crucial role of these factors in shaping firms' financing strategies within Pakistan's cement industry.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Net trade credit
  topic: keywords
subject: External financing
  topic: keywords
subject: Trade receivable
  topic: keywords
subject: Firms competitiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: Cement sector
  topic: keywords
creator: Farah Naz Naqvi
creator: Waqar Ali Athar Bukhari
creator: Azaz Ali Athar Bukhari
creator: Amber Pervaiz
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 farah, waqar, aziz, amber (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-12-15
publication date: 2023-12-15
starting page: 20
ending page: 31

Younis Mateen: A Prime Voice of Modern Urdu Poem
type: item
description: Younas Mateen is an important poet of modern Urdu Nazm.. Urdu Nazm has been on the move on the path of evolution since its very inception. All the experiments ever did with the form of it great importance in Modern Urdu literature. In the light of the continuity of these experiments, it can be rightly said that Younas Mateen has a masterly understanding of writing poems because of his unique style and expression of inner feelings. The subjects on which Younas Mateen has written are diverse. He comes before us as a fine poet and an artist with a skeptical personality. His Nazm is particularly important because of its intellectual diversity and depths of meaning. Some of his poems are masterpieces. As he had the privilege of visiting a number of countries, the strength of his observation is visible very vigorously in his poems. The presence of this observational strength, knowledge of international political turmoil and expansive information has breathed an element of universality in his poems. All this makes him a poet apart among the Urdu poets. With the passage of time, his poetry will continue to open the new gates of understanding and enlightenment for the readers.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Unrestrained and exaggerated enthusiasm‎
  topic: keywords
subject: Surging innovative
  topic: keywords
subject: Popular thoughts
  topic: keywords
subject: Dianoetic discursive
  topic: keywords
subject: Skeptical
  topic: keywords
subject: personality‎
  topic: keywords
creator: Khalid Hussain
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Khalid Hussain (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-25
publication date: 2024-06-25

Extra Perspective of Wazir Agha's Poems
type: item
description: When a great poet, writer or penman takes us from the world of matter to the immaterial world, his artwork or creation in the form of a tahir gives happiness. A truth is revealed. If the separation from the ordinary brings in the extraordinary, then this creation becomes a prelude to contemplation and deliberation with satisfaction for the reader. Because he takes his listener or reader for a while to a unique world beyond the 'material world'. The beauty of great literature is its familiarity with extraordinary things. The search for the extraordinary is called 'transcendence'. In his poems, Wazir Agha takes the reader away from the visual world where a completely different world is inhabited. Those worldly material ideas are completely different from the terrestrial realm. There is no doubt that in his book 'The Mood of Urdu Poetry' he calls poetry a terrestrial object. But it is a terrestrial mind in which 'transcendence' is also connected with mental harmony. The first open expression of the transcendental aspect in his poems is found when the reader reads so a unique world and an extraordinary statement amazes him.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Transcendence‎
  topic: keywords
subject: Trivia‎
  topic: keywords
subject: Expression‎
  topic: keywords
subject: Confrontation
  topic: keywords
subject: Wonder
  topic: keywords
subject: Unique world
  topic: keywords
subject: Imagination
  topic: keywords
subject: Perception of poetry
  topic: keywords
creator: Mujahid Hussain
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Mujahid Hussain (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-06-15
publication date: 2023-06-15
starting page: 41
ending page: 48