Security Dynamics in South Asia: Impact of the Iran-Saudi Rapprochement on Pakistan's Foreign Policy

Abstract

Pakistan's foreign policy is greatly influenced by both Iran and Saudi Arabia in various dimensions, but it is challenging for policymakers to maintain cordial relations with both countries simultaneously due to their intense rivalries and significant involvement in Middle Eastern politics. This research delves into the interplay of security dynamics in South Asia, specifically focusing on the repercussions of the recent Iran-Saudi rapprochement on Pakistan's foreign policy. The study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing argumentative analysis, to elucidate the evolving perspectives of Iran and Saudi Arabia and their influence on Pakistan's diplomatic, political, and economic decisions. Negotiating the complexities of maintaining favorable relations with both nations in the face of their entrenched regional rivalries presents a formidable challenge for Pakistani policymakers. By employing the complex interdependent theory, this study dissects the triangular relationship's nature, policies, and resulting effects on regional politics and economic dynamics. Through this study, valuable insights are offered, shedding light on the intricate implications of this triangular relationship and the varied outcomes it yields within this specific context of South Asia's security landscape.